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The prestige of the general nurse profession from the perspective of nursing students
Verlíková, Věra ; Jirkovský, Daniel (advisor) ; Dorková, Zlatica (referee)
This work is intended to provide an overview of basic information about the general nurse profession and the students' view of the prestige of this profession. Objectives: The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to bring up-to-date information about how students perceive the prestige of the general nursing profession in the Czech Republic (hereafter referred to as the Czech Republic). The opinion of the students will be determined using a questionnaire survey, and the data obtained will then be compared with the data from the research conducted by the Center for Public Opinion Research (hereinafter referred to as CVVM), in the research project - Our Society. Methods: 398 students were approached using an electronic questionnaire survey. Out of all the respondents, one hundred two students answered, of which fifty-four were students of the second year of the master's (hereinafter referred to as MgrSP) study program of General Medicine, twenty-eight students of the bachelor's (hereinafter referred to as BcSP) study program of General Nursing and twenty students of BcSP Pediatric Nursing. The questionnaire consisted of forty-five semi-closed, closed, and open questions. Non-parametric correlation tests were used for statistical data processing. Results: It was found that the majority of respondents have a...
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The nurse´s role in the care of clients´ nutrition in retirement homes
SATRAPOVÁ, Štěpánka
The bachelor thesis is title "The nurse´s role in the care of clients´ nutrition in retirement homes." It contains four objectives. The first objective is to find out how general nurses evaluate the nutrition of nursing home clients. The second objective focuses on nurses' knowledge of the subject. The third objective determines whether the general nurse adheres to standards in the nutritional care of the elderly. The fourth objective is to find out what are the specifics of nutrition of the elderly. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes nutritional specifics of the elderly, organ changes in old age, nutritional components and drinking regime. It also focuses on nutritional disorders in the elderly, malnutrition, obesity and dehydration. The last part is nutritional support for the elderly. The role of the nurse in nutritional care of the elderly, nutritional assessment, enteral and parenteral nutrition are described. The practical part includes results obtained from a research investigation. This part was conducted by qualitative investigation, semi-structured interview method and observation. The interview includes twenty-two open-ended questions and four questions involving identification of probands. For the observation, a table was previously created which includes thirteen aspects. The research sample consisted of ten general nurses working in a nursing home. From the results of the qualitative survey it is evident that most nurses use nutritional screening and physical examination in the form of measuring the client's weight to assess the nutritional status. It was also found that the level of knowledge of nurses is sufficient. The nurses are knowledgeable in the subject matter. They are knowledgeable about malnutrition and dehydration. It is also evident from the interviews that they are knowledgeable about the standard that deals with nutrition care for the elderly. The observation revealed the mistakes that nurses make when serving meals to the elderly. The main errors include not using clothing protection and lack of communication with the senior. Some of the more unimportant specifics of nutrition include a balanced and varied diet. It is important that the diet is adequately represented by all nutritional components.
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The role of the nurse in preventive care in the context of history
ŠAFRÁNKOVÁ, Tereza
The Diploma Thesis has a theoretical character and is prepared as a historical-analytical study. The aim of the thesis was to describe the development of preventive care and the development of the role of the nurse in preventive care in the Czech Republic based on the interpretation of texts available literature and resources through the method of textual hermeneutics. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to set four research questions: How did preventive care in the Czech Republic evolve? Which factors influenced the development of preventive care in the Czech Republic? How has the role of the nurse in preventive care in the Czech Republic evolved? How have the competencies of the nurse in preventive care in the Czech Republic changed? Through these research questions, have been achieved the following results. Preventive care in the Czech Republic has began to develop from the very beginning of civilization and has passed throught many changes over the history, in conformity with the development of scientific and technological knowledge, the development of society, the philosophy of life, and also in conformity with the development of medicine and nursing. However, some elements of preventive care that we may encountered in ancient times are still in place today, and current preventive care is based on them. The key factors influencing the development of preventive care and the role of the nurse in preventive care were: the emergence of the first civilizations and the gradual settlement of areas; the beginning of the spread of the first diseases and epidemics; the influence of religion and the church; socio-economic conditions at the time; wars; political situations and legislation of the time; the discovery of smallpox vaccination; prominent figures - F. Nightingale, N. I. Pirogov, H. Dunant, E. Jenner, whose actions contributed to the development of preventive care; and World Health Organization. The role of the nurse in preventive care has evolved along with nursing as well as medicine, which passed throught many changes over the history. In the area of preventive care, the role of the nurse changed here based on their education, increasing competences, as well as the need for preventive care at any given time. Nurses competences in preventive care passed throught a considerable transformation over the history. We can notice the same competences in the hisotry and present. We can say that the current competencies of a nurse in preventive care are based on the competencies which she had previously, but they are already modified to society's current needs. The reventive care has become an inseparable part of the nursing profession.
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Providing specialized palliative nursing care in the home environment
ZIMOLOVÁ, Linda
This bachelor's thesis is focused on specialized palliative nursing care and deals with providing palliative nursing care to patients at home environment. It focuses on the specifics of care and the needs of the patients, including the needs of their families. The goal of the research was to find out what the most common activities nurses conduct when providing palliative nursing care. Other goals of this work were to search for the possibilities of developing specialized palliative nursing care from the viewpoint of nurses and to find out what obstacles nurses encounter when providing specialized home palliative nursing care. Last but not least, this thesis shows the coordination of a multidisciplinary team providing specialized palliative care in the home environment. Methodology and research sample selection: To meet the goals, data were collected through a semi-structured interview with nurses who provide specialized palliative care in mobile hospices. The research group consisted of a total of eight nurses. Data were analyzed using an open coding, pencil-and-paper method. Data analysis resulted in 5 categories and 9 subcategories. Results: From the results of the research investigation, show that a nurse providing specialized palliative care in the home environment ensures the role of a nursing care provider, educator, manager and change agent. She is one of the most important multidisciplinary team members and also the main person between the doctor and the client. Furthermore, it was found that despite the great physical and psychological demands of this profession, none of the nurses subjectively felt signs of burnout. We found that despite the profession's many physical and psychological demands, no nurse experiences burnout syndrome. Nurses see the development of specialized palliative care in the amendment of legislation, education of society, especially in general practitioner offices, and in better cooperation with insurance companies. Results for practice: The results can serve as study material for students and female students of the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of the University of South Bohemia, and the information can be useful in making decisions and choosing a career in home care.
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The needs of patients in the dialysis program and the role of the nurse in this issue
CHYTRÁČKOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the needs of patients in a dialysis program and the role of the nurse in this issue. Two objectives were established for this bachelor's thesis: To map the needs of patients in a dialysis program, and to determine the role of the nurse in patients undergoing dialysis. The work is divided into a theoretical and empirical part. In the theoretical part, the anatomy of the kidneys is briefly described, as well as the reasons for kidney failure. Subsequently, various elimination methods are described and explained, along with nutritional and exercise measures. The transplantation procedure is also briefly described. Attention is paid to the needs of patients, nursing care, and education. The empirical part was processed using qualitative research through semi-structured interviews focused on patients undergoing dialysis and nurses working in the dialysis center. The research sample consisted of 13 patients and 9 nurses. To achieve the set objectives, five research questions were created: What are the bio-psycho-social-spiritual needs of patients in a dialysis program? How does dialysis treatment affect patients' lives? What is the level of patient education before starting dialysis treatment? What is the role of the nurse in satisfying the needs of patients in a dialysis program? What is the role of the nurse in providing information to patients in a dialysis program? Our research has shown that dialysis generally has a negative impact on the quality of life of most of our respondents. Respondents are most negatively affected by thirst, the time demands of dialysis, poor sleep quality, changes in social needs, and overall fatigue after dialysis. Additionally, our research has shown that nurses in the dialysis center primarily fill the role of provider of nursing care, educator, and advisor who also provides emotional support. The results of the research serve as informational material for patients in the predialysis program and as potential recommendations for nurses working in dialysis centers.
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The role of the nurse in patients with urinary incontinence
PONERTOVÁ, Magdaléna
Urinary incontinence is a common disease that is often underestimated. Patient education is very important for early detection of possible complications in patients with urinary incontinence. The bachelor's thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the anatomy and physiology of the lower urinary tract, general information about urinary incontinence, examination methods, treatment, the nurse's role, prevention, education, and finally the most common nursing diagnoses are mentioned. The aim of the empirical part was to find out what the nurse's role is in patients with urinary incontinence, what nursing diagnoses nurses make in patients with urinary incontinence, and what incontinence aids nurses use in nursing care for patients with urinary incontinence. The research was focused on nurses working in the urology department, namely in the ambulatory department, the inpatient department and the Intensive Care Unit. In total, three research questions were established for this research. The research investigation was carried out in the form of semi-structured interviews. The research group consisted of 10 nurses. From the obtained data, it was found that the role of the nurse in the ambulatory part of the urology department, the standard inpatient department and the Intensive Care Unit is different. Furthermore, the research showed that nurses in the Intensive Care Unit do not instruct patients and do not give patients information about the possibilities of using compensatory aids. We also found out that nurses in the ambulatory part of the urology department cannot hand out information brochures to patients without a doctor's indication. On the other hand, the nurses of the inpatient wards can hand out information brochures at their discretion. At the same time, nurses working in the Intensive Care Unit have a smaller number of information brochures at their disposal and only hand them to patients if the patient shows interest. Furthermore, we found that very few nurses make nursing diagnoses.The output of the bachelor thesis is an informative brochure. It can be beneficial not only for nurses and students of medical fields, but also for patients, who can raise awareness about the problem of urinary incontinence.
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The role of the nurse in providing multidisciplinary care in spinal units
HARAZINOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of this master's thesis is to map the role of the nurse in the spinal unit, describe the collaboration of multidisciplinary team members in the spinal unit and describe the needs of the hospitalized patients. To meet these objectives, a total of five following research questions were set: "What is the role of the nurse in the care of patients in the spinal unit?", "What are the specifics of nursing care of patients in the spinal unit?", "What is the composition of the multidisciplinary team in the spinal unit?", "How does the cooperation between these workers take place?" and "What are the needs of patients hospitalized in the spinal unit?". The theoretical part of the thesis is designed to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the issue of spinal cord injury. At the very beginning, it defines the basic anatomical and physiological conditions of the nervous system, spine and spinal cord. Injury of these structures is the subject of other chapters, which discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options in more detail. It also describes the development of spinal units in the Czech Republic and abroad. It defines a multidisciplinary team, whose work is an integral part of the care of a patient with a spinal cord injury. The nursing care chapter is devoted to areas that require a specific approach by nurses in patients with spinal cord injury. A qualitative research study was chosen for the empirical part of the thesis. Data collection took place using a semi-structured interview with thirteen nurses from selected spinal units. After finding out their personal information, they were asked a total of twenty-nine questions focused on the functioning of the spinal unit, characteristics of provided multidisciplinary care and the nurses' experience of the patients' condition and needs. The obtained information was subsequently transcribed and processed with the open coding method and colouring text. For easier orientation in the results of the interviews, four categories and seventeen subcategories were created, which clearly present the answers to the above research questions. It was found that the informants perceive their role in the spinal unit mainly as a nurse-caregiver. The cooperation of the multidisciplinary team is conditioned by various forms of verbal and non-verbal information exchange, for example during ward rounds, by change-of-shift handoff, operational meetings or information boards. Most of the nurses rate this cooperation as effective and mostly problem-free. The results also show that the needs of patients are closely related to mobility restrictions and long-term hospitalization. Most often, these are physiological needs and the need for contact with the society. This master's thesis points out the importance of a multidisciplinary and sensitive approach to patients with a spinal cord injury, who experience many worries and tense moments in their return to everyday life. The results may serve as educational material not just for students of healthcare professions, but also for the medical staff themselves. An output of the thesis is a manual for new nurses on spinal units, which aims to make them easier to integrate and prepare for the significant specifics about the nursing care for patients with spinal cord injury.
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Impact of mental well-being of the nurses at selected wards during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the impact on the quality of care
VÁVROVÁ, Eliška
This bachelor thesis examines the impact of mental well-being of nurses in selected wards during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the impact on quality of care. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has affected the health and lives of millions of people worldwide. The burden was particularly high for frontline nurses who provided care to patients with SARS CoV 2 disease. Long-term psychological strain can cause nurses to make mistakes and reduce the quality of nursing care. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the characterization of SARS-CoV-2 disease, the development of the pandemic and risk factors. It also focuses on job performance of nurses during the pandemic and its impact on their mental health. Furthermore, the thesis deals with risk management of healthcare facilities, communication and management of adverse events in healthcare, and especially quality management in nursing during SARS-CoV-2. The practical part of the Bachelor's thesis is based on a qualitative research investigation, which was conducted using a semi-structured interview technique. A total of 10 nurses who worked in the so-called covid unit were interviewed. The practical part includes the establishment of four objectives. The first objective was to map the nurses' personal experience of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The second objective was to explore the prevalence of mental health problems among nurses during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The third objective was to take a closer look at the challenges of the nursing profession during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from the nurses' subjective perspective. The last objective was to pin down the extent of the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the quality of nursing care from the subjective perspective of nurses. The research data show that SARS-CoV-2 disease itself causes the greatest stress. The nurses asked perceived stress and emotional exhaustion very intensely during the pandemic. The support from their loved ones, family, friends or ward colleagues played a major role in their lives. The nurses considered the impact of the pandemic to be a new experience of caring for patients with SARS-CoV-2 disease and an art of adapting to change. Good communication and collaboration with supervisors are important to ensure quality care for patients with SARS-CoV-2 disease. The interview revealed that the nurses experienced a lack of support from their supervisors during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The research data include unexpected insights into the good teamwork that all nurses agreed on. Regarding the quality of nursing care, uncertainty in disease progression was found to be the greatest complication, but the nurses asked differred in their view on a deterioration in the quality of nursing care. This undergraduate thesis is meant to contribute to the research on the mental health of nurses working with SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, and to offer a simplified overview study of the impact of quality of nursing care during the pandemic. This work offers nurses a resource summarising all relevant information on the impact of well-being on the quality of health care.
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Evaluation of the availability and quality of hospice home care in the area of Jindřichův Hradec´s region from the perspective of patients and nurses
ŠABOUKOVÁ, Alžběta
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of hospice services in the selected area of Jindřichův Hradec, with a focus on the roles of nurses in field hospice services, the coverage of these services and the behavior of employers in supporting the mental health of nurses in hospice care. Palliative care in field forms is a developing sector of global health with an expected rise. In the theoretical part of the thesis, issues related to hospice and palliative care, such as its history and present, legislative framework and financing, are explained. The thesis aims to clarify how the roles of nurses differ in hospice care provided by a home care agency and in a multidisciplinary mobile hospice group, to further analyze the structure of palliative care provision in a selected area and to describe the activities of providers to work with the mental health of their employees. In the practical part of the work, research was carried out using qualitative method of using semi-structured interviews. A total of 14 respondents participated in the research from groups of nurses, managers of palliative services in the selected area and caregivers or patients under the care of hospice providers. The results of the research revealed an overlap of the roles of nurses in both forms of hospice care. The research finds the difference in the characteristics and personality traits of nurses and the concept of care provided. The thesis presented the structure of the provision of hospice services, where research points to the insufficient availability and unprofitability of specialized services in sparsely populated areas of the selected area. The bachelor's thesis describes activities to improve the mental health of nurses in hospice services. The research finds an underestimation of these activities by home care agencies and the Czech healthcare system as a whole. The conclusions of the bachelor's thesis can serve especially for administrative authorities, providers and nurses interested in hospice care.
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Compliance with mode measures by the anticoagulative treatment in primary medical care
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Alexandra
The goal of my bachelor´s thesis has been a description of state compliance with patients taking Warfarin and afterwards the relationship between measurement of compliance and occurrence of complications related to the treatment with Warfarin. Concurrently, compliance from the point of age and gender has been meant to be supported. The theoretical part has been dedicated to anticoagulative treatment with emphasis on Warfarin, education and patient´s compliance by observance of mode measures related to treatment with Warfarin. Quantitative research survey has been chosen to process this bachelor´s thesis with using of technique of data collecting with a form of an anonymous unstandardized questionnaire survey. The survey team has consisted of the patients in České Budějovice taking Warfarin. Three hypotheses have been specified in connection with the goal of this thesis. We have assumed by the two mentioned hypotheses such a kind of relation between the state compliance connected to their age, then between mode compliance and their gender. By the third hypothesis we have claimed that occurrence that could have been related to the mode compliance. Thanks to the given results we have found out that there is no relation to their age or gender by the patients taking Warfarin, but there is a relation to the patients taking Warfarin and mode compliance. Beyond the given goal we have come to the conclusion that compliance is related to the achieved education and also it decreases with its length. The results could be used as a material for nurses´ education in surgeries or for general practitioners in some other hospitals. There has been pointed out the necessity of a proper education, patients awareness and importance of mutual relations and communication. These facts could influence the patient´s contribution to mode treatment and increase its success rate. This work provides complete information regarding treatment with Warfarin and also possible consequences by using wrong patient´s compliance.
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